Why space is continuous. Supplement to message 20240430/23.
The existing ideas about our Universe as of 20240925 claim that it is constantly expanding. There are also other theories about the future and past of our Universe. But there are no special differences of opinion regarding the present state and the past up to z=11 (except perhaps the theory of an eternal stationary Universe). Over the past 13.8 billion years, our Universe has been expanding and continues to expand spatially. The mysterious reason for such spatial expansion is actually simple. Our Universe is moving, moving along the time axis from a smaller to a larger value of time (the arrow of time). In the general theory of relativity, there are four dimensions – three spatial and one temporal. Back in 1922, it was shown that the magnitude of the three spatial dimensions of our hyperspherical Universe depends entirely on the fourth – the temporal dimension. In the same way as the circumference of a circle depends entirely on the radius of this circle. To answer the question: is such a movement along the time axis (expansion of space) continuous or discrete (like a 4-dimensional slide show) we will move from macro to micro, from cosmology, gravity to quantum physics.
In quantum physics there is a quantum spin – angular momentum. The simplest explanation of the origin of quantum spin is to imagine quantum spin as the rotation of matter in some non-spatial plane. A plane, one of the dimensions of which is time, and the other is as short as time. Why time and similar to time? As usual, the simple answer is – both these dimensions are “pi” (3.14…) times shorter than any of the three spatial (the speed of rotation of matter cannot exceed the fundamental speed or otherwise the speed of light in a vacuum). Why can’t it exceed the speed of light in a vacuum? The limitation on the maximum speed of light in a vacuum in space (constancy of 4-speed) does not require special postulation. This is a condition for the discrete motion of our Universe along the time axis; a condition under which all matter (energy) completely passes from the previous state to the next one without decreasing or increasing the energy value. Knowing the values of the total energy of our Universe and the Dirac constant, it is easy to determine the time difference between each previous and subsequent one. To understand why space is continuous, this value of the time difference itself is not so important. What is important is that this is a natural number and the total “extension” of time is also natural. In exactly the same way as the length of a circle is a transcendentall number with a natural number of the radius of this circle, so the extension of space is a transcendental number with a natural number of the “extension” of time. That is, it is impossible to divide space into a finite natural numbers of discrete segments.
Sometimes we have to answer the question of how exactly the space of our Universe expands, where exactly is the additional length, width, height added? There, where additional circumference length is added when its radius increases (for example, from nine to ten). That is, there is no specific place, it is simply added. Oddly enough, the question of what happens to spatial and temporal extents when space-time is deformed differently from the basic one is of great practical importance for justifying the creation of Vimanas Nextday and Vimanas Nextday carrier