لن أطيل الحديث حتى نهاية هذا المنشور.
The following paragraph was not posted in the past post:
Note: It’s possible that most astrophysicists believe that apparent velocities exceeding the speed of light in superluminal jets are optical illusions and not related to any physics incompatible with the theory. Special relativity would be ignored, but the result (the observed velocity of a massive particle is equal to the actual velocity multiplied by the scale factor – α=βγ), coinciding with the transformation of velocity observations into the cEh, forces us to declare that both the original
( K. I. Kellermann and F. N. Owen, 1988, https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept04/Kellermann2/Kellermann3_7.html;
G. F. Smoot, 1998,
https://aether.lbl.gov/www/classes/p139/homework/superluminal.pdf )
proofs and later ones ( including the Wikipedia`s article on superluminal motion ) contain a clear error. Whether this was done intentionally or not is not for me to decide. This is precisely what this message is intended to address. I won’t beat around the bush until the very end. The obvious error lies in the failure to observe the cosmological expansion of the Universe.
The reason why the particular question of superluminal jets completely occupies this message is actually fundamental. It may sound pompous, but this message is about a stellar future being. Either this future will always belong to comparatively slow thermonuclear-powered starships with a flight time to the nearest stars in the hundreds or even thousands of years. Or this future, in the medium term, will belong to Vimanas Nextday, with a flight time of several months to the nearest stars. Either-either, either special relativity or cEh. One, just one, repeatedly verified result is enough for the correct theory not to be true. And such a result, not a possible product of conventional agreements, does exist. This is the first and most famous quasar, 3c273, and its superluminal radio jet.
A very brief overview of natural phenomena. If a radio source moves at a speed close to the speed of light in a direction close to the line of sight, the source practically catches up with its own radiation. This can create the illusion of apparent transverse motion exceeding the speed of light. As shown in figure, if the true velocity is V and is directed at an angle θ relative to the line of sight, then the apparent transverse velocity Va is determined by the formula:
where β = v / c.
Also a brief overview of quasar 3c273.
In 2020, the “Parallax Distance to 3C 273 Using Spectroastrometry and Reverberation Mapping” (https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08417v2) was determined: the angular distance is 551.5 + 97.3 − 78.7 Mpc and H0 = 71.5 + 11.9 − 10.6 km s−1 Mpc−1. These measurements allow us to detect significant changes in the distance between 3c273 and the Sun 1.8 billion years ago (at the high end of 30,850 km/s−1 and at the low end of 27,350 km/s−1). We adopt the lower value of 27,350 km/s−1 (0.09 c). Then, the denominator in the formula will be 1.09 instead of 1.0. Physical qualities are a form of change. Meanwhile, the arrival of a signal from a jet bubble in expanding space observes the Universe compared to non-expanding space in each of the problems on the superluminal motion. Is this a lot or a little? For comparison, half a percent of the superluminal jet (0.995 c) is a lot. But that’s not the point. The point is that calculating the maximum (according to special relativity+) of the new relations gives a value of 
, which is four times smaller than the observed vertical velocity. This value is 9.6 s. That is, special relativity (-,+,+,+) has no answer. cEh (+,+,+,+) with V replaced by the observed velocity of a massive particle is equal to the physical velocity multiplied by the gamma factor multiplied by the corresponding value allows us to determine the actual velocity of the jet beam, which is equal not to 0.995, but to approximately 0.75 times the speed of light in a vacuum, with the same observed apparent velocity of 9.6 c